Tu vs. lei

In Italian, there are two main ways to say 'you' in the singular form: 'tu' and 'Lei'. These words differ in their level of formality and usage contexts.

Tu

'Tu' is the informal singular 'you' in Italian. It is used when addressing friends, family members, children, or people you know well.
Come stai tu?
(How are you?)
Tu sei il mio migliore amico.
(You are my best friend.)
Vuoi tu venire al cinema con me?
(Do you want to come to the cinema with me?)

Lei

'Lei' is the formal singular 'you' in Italian. It is used when addressing strangers, elderly people, superiors, or in professional settings to show respect.
Come sta Lei?
(How are you?)
Lei è il nuovo direttore?
(Are you the new director?)
Vorrebbe Lei un caffè?
(Would you like a coffee?)

Summary

The choice between 'tu' and 'Lei' in Italian depends on the relationship between the speakers and the social context. 'Tu' is used in informal situations with people you know well, while 'Lei' is used in formal situations or with people you don't know well to show respect. Using the appropriate form is crucial in Italian social interactions to maintain proper etiquette.