Prendre sa retraite vs. se retirer
The French words 'prendre sa retraite' and 'se retirer' both translate into English as 'to retire', but they are used in different contexts with different nuances.
Prendre sa retraite
'Prendre sa retraite' refers specifically to leaving the work force, usually after reaching a certain age or completing a certain period of service. It implies leaving one's professional career behind, often to enjoy leisure time, pursue personal interests or spend time with family.
Après 40 ans chez la même entreprise, Jean a décidé de prendre sa retraite.
(After 40 years with the same company, Jean decided to retire.)
Ma mère envisage de prendre sa retraite l'année prochaine.
(My mother is considering retiring next year.)
Se retirer
'Se retirer' has a broader application than 'prendre sa retraite'. It can mean to withdraw from a particular situation, position or activity, not necessarily related to the end of one's professional career. It conveys a sense of stepping back, moving away, or removing oneself from involvement.
Après le scandale, le ministre a décidé de se retirer de la politique.
(After the scandal, the minister decided to retire from politics.)
Je pense qu'il est temps pour moi de me retirer de ce projet et de passer le relais.
(I think it's time for me to step back from this project and pass the baton.)
Summary
While 'prendre sa retraite' is used specifically in the context of retiring from a job or career, often associated with aging or the completion of service requirements, 'se retirer' is more versatile. It can refer to leaving work or any other kind of withdrawal from participation in an activity, role, or situation.