Entreprise vs. société vs. compagnie
In French, the words 'entreprise', 'société', and 'compagnie' are often used interchangeably to refer to a business or commercial organization. Despite their similarities, there are nuanced differences in their use.
Entreprise
Refers generally to a business venture or the concept of entrepreneurship. It can encompass any kind of business, regardless of its legal structure.
Il a fondé une petite entreprise de plomberie.
(He founded a small plumbing company.)
L'entreprise emploie plus de mille personnes.
(The company employs over a thousand people.)
Cette start-up est une entreprise en pleine expansion.
(This start-up is a rapidly expanding business.)
Société
Often refers to a business entity that has a certain legal personality, usually implying it is registered as such with commercial authorities. 'Société' might denote more formal or structured businesses.
La société a été cotée en bourse le mois dernier.
(The company went public last month.)
Elle travaille pour une grande société d'informatique.
(She works for a large IT firm.)
La société par actions simplifiée (SAS) offre une grande flexibilité.
(The simplified joint-stock company (SAS) offers great flexibility.)
Compagnie
Typically used for businesses in specific sectors such as transportation, insurance, or performing arts. It implies the notion of companionship or an assembly of individuals working together.
La compagnie aérienne lance de nouvelles destinations.
(The airline is launching new destinations.)
Une compagnie d'assurance réputée pour son service clientèle.
(An insurance company known for its customer service.)
Ils ont créé une compagnie théâtrale indépendante.
(They created an independent theatre company.)
Summary
'Entreprise' is a general term that applies to any kind of business; 'société' refers to an entity with legal recognition often implying more structure; and 'compagnie' is sector-specific, commonly associated with certain industries like transportation, insurance, or the arts.