Égratignure vs. rayure

Understanding the nuanced differences between 'égratignure' and 'rayure' in French, both of which translate to 'scratch' in English, is crucial for accurate and context-appropriate use. These words, while seemingly similar, actually describe different types of scratches and are used in different contexts.

Égratignure

An 'égratignure' refers to a superficial scratch or abrasion, usually on the skin. It implies a slight injury or mark made by scratching or scraping.
Il a une égratignure sur le bras après être tombé.
(He has a scratch on his arm after falling.)
Mon chat m'a laissé une égratignure sur la main.
(My cat left me a scratch on my hand.)
Les égratignures sur ses genoux témoignent de sa chute.
(The scratches on her knees testify to her fall.)

Rayure

'Rayure' generally refers to a scratch or mark on hard surfaces, such as metal, wood, or glass. It suggests a line or mark made by something sharp dragging across a surface.
La table en bois a une rayure causée par des clés.
(The wooden table has a scratch caused by keys.)
Il y a une rayure profonde sur le côté de la voiture.
(There is a deep scratch on the side of the car.)
Comment enlever les rayures sur un écran de téléphone ?
(How do you remove scratches from a phone screen?)

Summary

While both 'égratignure' and 'rayure' translate to 'scratch', they are not interchangeable. 'Égratignure' is used to describe minor skin injuries typically caused by a scrape or fingernail, emphasizing the superficial nature of these wounds. On the other hand, 'rayure' describes scratches on harder surfaces, reflecting damage or marks caused by sharp objects.