Trabajo vs. empleo
In Spanish, both 'trabajo' and 'empleo' have similar meanings and could often be used interchangeably. However, some subtle differences between these two terms make them unique in particular contexts.
Trabajo
'Trabajo' generally refers to work as an activity or a task. It can also refer to a job. The use of 'trabajo' focuses more on the act of working itself or the effort you put in.
Hoy tengo mucho trabajo que hacer en la casa.
(Today, I have a lot of work to do at home.)
La construcción del edificio fue un trabajo arduo.
(The construction of the building was arduous work.)
Estoy buscando un trabajo nuevo.
(I am looking for a new job.)
Empleo
'Empleo', on the other hand, is more specifically related to employment or a job. This word usually refers to a formal, paid position under an employer.
Estoy buscando empleo.
(I'm looking for employment.)
El empleo de María es en una empresa de tecnología.
(Maria's job is at a tech company.)
La tasa de empleo ha aumentado este año.
(The employment rate has risen this year.)
Summary
'Trabajo' and 'empleo' both have a broad meaning of 'work' in English. However, 'trabajo' leans more towards the activity or task (or job) being done, while 'empleo' implies employment as a formal position or job under an employer.