Sacerdote vs. cura
The Spanish language, like many other languages, has different words for similar concepts. This is the case with the words 'sacerdote' and 'cura', both of which can be translated as 'priest'. However, they have somewhat different connotations and uses.
Sacerdote
A 'sacerdote' is a general term for any religious leader who performs sacred rituals. It is often translated as priest, but can also correspond to figures such as ministers or rabbis in other religions.
El sacerdote del templo realizó el ritual.
(The priest of the temple performed the ritual.)
En algunas religiones, el sacerdote puede casarse.
(In some religions, the priest can marry.)
Cura
'Cura' is more specifically used to refer to a Catholic priest, especially one who is in charge of a parish. It is comparable to the English term 'parish priest'.
El cura de nuestra parroquia es muy amable.
(The parish priest of our parish is very kind.)
El cura realizó la misa del domingo.
(The priest conducted the Sunday mass.)
Summary
In summary, while both 'sacerdote' and 'cura' translate to 'priest' in English, they differ in their use and connotation. 'Sacerdote' refers broadly to a religious leader who performs sacred rituals and can be used in reference to various religions whilst 'cura' specifically refers to a Catholic priest, often one in charge of a parish.