Parecido vs. semejante vs. similar
The Spanish words 'parecido', 'semejante', and 'similar' are often used to describe things that share resemblances. Although these words can be translated into 'similar' in English, each holds slightly different nuances and contexts in usage.
Parecido
'Parecido' emphasizes likeness or resemblance to something else. It can refer to either physical appearance or characteristics, suggesting a close but not exact match.
Juan y su hermano tienen un parecido increíble.
(Juan and his brother have an incredible resemblance.)
Este caso es muy parecido al que vimos la semana pasada.
(This case is very similar to the one we saw last week.)
Su vestido es parecido al mío, pero de diferente color.
(Her dress is similar to mine, but in a different color.)
Semejante
'Semejante' is used to indicate a similarity that often refers to qualities or functions rather than just appearance. It usually implies a significant degree of similarity.
Las dos soluciones propuestas son bastante semejantes.
(The two proposed solutions are quite similar.)
Sus opiniones políticas son semejantes.
(Their political opinions are similar.)
No esperaba encontrar un problema semejante en este proyecto.
(I didn't expect to find a similar problem in this project.)
Similar
'Similar' is more neutral and versatile, describing things that share some common points without necessarily being closely alike. It blends the aspects of both 'parecido' and 'semejante'.
Estos libros son similares en contenido.
(These books are similar in content.)
El diseño de las casas es muy similar.
(The design of the houses is very similar.)
Ambas situaciones son similares en cuanto a los desafíos enfrentados.
(Both situations are similar regarding the challenges faced.)
Summary
While 'parecido', 'semejante', and 'similar' can all indicate similarity, they have nuanced differences. 'Parecido' focuses on likeness or resemblance, often in appearance. 'Semejante' hints at a deeper similarity and is often used for qualities or functions. 'Similar' serves as a versatile term applying broadly to various contexts.