Orar vs. rezar

The Spanish words 'orar' and 'rezar' both translate to 'to pray' in English. While they are often used interchangeably, there are subtle differences in their connotations and contexts of usage.

Orar

'Orar' connotes a more informal, personal, direct communication with God. It implies a spontaneous conversation with the divine, appealing for help or expressing gratefulness, without necessarily following any formal religious structure or ritual.
Ella prefiere orar en silencio antes de dormir.
(She prefers to pray in silence before sleeping.)
Cuando él se siente perdido, él ora buscando orientación.
(When he feels lost, he prays seeking guidance.)
Algunas personas oran por paz en el mundo.
(Some people pray for peace in the world.)

Rezar

'Rezar' is more formal and structured than 'orar'. More commonly related to religious liturgy and ritual prayers in Catholic tradition. The word 'rezar' refers more to reciting specific prayer texts as part of prescribed religious rituals.
Vamos a rezar el rosario en la iglesia hoy.
(We are going to recite the rosary in the church today.)
"Rezar una novena" es una práctica común en la tradición católica.
('Praying a novena' is a common practice in the Catholic tradition.)
El cura reza la misa todos los domingos.
(The priest prays the mass every Sunday.)

Summary

'Orar' and 'rezar' both translate to 'to pray', but they differ in terms of formality and context. While 'orar' implies a personal and spontaneous conversation with God, 'rezar' is typically linked with structured religious ceremonies and ritual prayers.