Encender vs. prender
The Spanish words 'encender' and 'prender' both translate to 'to turn on' or 'to switch on' in English generally referring to devices, machines, or other types of electrical equipment. However, their usage can vary depending on the region and context.
Encender
'Encender' is often used universally throughout the Spanish-speaking world for turning on lights, machinery, and electronic devices.
Voy a encender la luz porque está oscuro.
(I'm going to turn on the light because it's dark.)
Puede encender la máquina ahora.
(You can turn on the machine now.)
No olvides encender el horno.
(Don't forget to turn on the oven.)
Prender
'Prender' has similar meanings to 'encender', it is often used interchangeably. However, in some Latin American regions, it is more commonly used especially when referring to turning on televisions, radios, or computers.
Voy a prender la televisión para ver las noticias.
(I'm going to turn on the television to watch the news.)
Podemos prender la radio para escuchar música.
(We can turn on the radio to listen to music.)
¡Prende la computadora y comienza tu tarea!
(Turn on the computer and start your homework!)
Summary
In conclusion, while both 'encender' and 'prender' are used for turning or switching on devices or machinery, their usage can sometimes vary depending on regional preferences. As a rule of thumb, know that you're likely safe using 'encender' universally while 'prender' may not always be as understood in Spain as it is in Latin American countries.