Disparar vs. tirar
The Spanish words 'disparar' and 'tirar' both mean 'to shoot' or 'to fire' (a weapon), but they are used in different contexts and have nuanced differences in meaning.
Disparar
The verb 'disparar' is commonly used to refer specifically to the act of firing a weapon, such as a gun. It focuses more on the action of shooting.
El policía disparó al ladrón.
(The police officer shot the thief.)
El cazador disparó su rifle para cazar un ciervo.
(The hunter fired his rifle to hunt a deer.)
Alguien disparó un cañón en el campo de batalla.
(Someone fired a cannon on the battlefield.)
Tirar
'Tirar' can also mean 'to shoot', but it is more versatile and can mean 'to throw'. When referring to shooting, it's often used in less formal contexts or when talking about shots that don't necessarily involve firearms, like sports.
El niño tiró la pelota al suelo.
(The boy threw the ball on the ground.)
Está prohibido tirar basura en la calle.
(It is forbidden to litter on the street.)
El arquero tiró la flecha y dio en el blanco.
(The archer shot the arrow and hit the target.)
Durante el partido, Messi tiró un penalti perfecto.
(During the game, Messi took a perfect penalty kick.)
Summary
'Disparar' is specifically used for firing weapons and highlights the action of shooting, whereas 'tirar' has a broader usage including throwing objects and non-firearm shooting contexts like sports.