Destruir vs. destrozar
The words 'destruir' and 'destrozar' are both Spanish verbs that translate to 'to destroy' in English. Despite their similar meanings, they are used in slightly different contexts.
Destruir
'Destruir' generally indicates an act of complete destruction where the original state of an object, concept or idea can't be restored.
El fuego destruyó su casa.
(The fire destroyed her house.)
El ejército destruyó la ciudad.
(The army destroyed the city.)
La empresa está destruyendo el medio ambiente.
(The company is destroying the environment.)
Destrozar
'Destrozar' suggests a more intense, violent or emotional act of destruction, often leaving the original object, concept or idea in a state of shambles. It is also commonly used in a figurative sense to mean emotionally wrecked.
Su muerte destrozó a su familia.
(His death shattered his family.)
Los bandidos destrozaron el pueblo.
(The bandits wrecked the village.)
El divorcio le destrozó el corazón.
(The divorce broke her heart.)
Summary
'Destruir' and 'destrozar' both refer to acts of destruction but they differ slightly in their connotations. Where 'destruir' refers to complete and total destruction, 'destrozar' often implies a more brutal or emotionally charged form of damage.