Césped vs. grama vs. pasto
In Spanish, the words 'césped', 'grama', and 'pasto' all refer to grass that covers the ground. However, there are regional differences in their usage.
Césped
'Césped' is a common term in Spain for a mowed or manicured lawn. It often refers to grass used for ornamental purposes, such as the type seen in parks and gardens.
El niño está jugando en el césped.
(The child is playing on the lawn.)
Grama
'Grama' is more often used in parts of Latin America. It can refer to both manicured lawns (in (Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico and Venezuela) and natural grassy areas.
La pelota rodó por la grama verde.
(The ball rolled across the green grass.)
Pasto
'Pasto' is widely used across Latin America and can refer to any kind of grass, whether it's a lawn (in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Uruguay), field or grazing area. It also carries a common association with animal fodder.
Las vacas están comiendo pasto en el campo.
(The cows are eating grass in the field.)
Summary
'Césped', 'grama', and 'pasto' are three words for 'lawn' or 'grass' in Spanish. While they can be used interchangeably, there are regional preferences, with 'césped' being more common in Spain, 'grama' in some parts of Latin America, and 'pasto' being widely used across Latin America with a broader range of meanings.